Other • 2-D meshes are one of the easiest topologies to visualize – nodes are connected in a “grid” fashion (see Figure). The simple layout also allows many problems to map easily to the structure of this network. 2-D Mesh and 2-D Toroid 2-D meshes have unequal node degree. The node degree...
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3 D Meshes and 3 D Toroids
Other • 3-D meshes and 3-D toroids are similar to 2-D meshes and toroids, except the 3-D mesh/toroid is expanded along the Z-axis to provide another dimensional layer of nodes. In the case of the 3-D toroid, the topmost nodes (along the new Z-axis) are connected to the bottommost nodes (see Figure)....
Acknowledgement and Retransmit
Specification • The receiver shall send a positive acknowledgment (ACK) packet for each DATA packet received without error.
Acronyms
Other • Acronym Definition A/D Analog-to-Digital (as in A/D converter) ACK Acknowledge ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter API Application Program Interface APID Application Identifier APP Application CCC Cube-Connected Cycles CCITT From French: Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee CC-NUMA Cache Coherent-Non-Uniform Memory Access CCSDS Consultative Committee for Space...
Addressing
Profile • SpaceWire supports three types of addressing: Path (Physical) Addressing, Logical Addressing, and Regional Addressing. JAS uses regional addressing because it provides the greatest flexibility to create scalable networks. Regional addressing uses a two-byte scheme where the first byte identifies the router and the second byte identifies the endpoint address connected...
Advantages of JAS
Other • A modern node-based architecture with reconfigurable node electronics and serial data links between nodes provides the core structure and flexibility needed to enable most of the design strategies. It offers a powerful, yet efficient, modular solution that can be scaled and configured to support payloads of virtually any size and...
Allocation of Service Types and Subtypes
Specification • The PUS provides a standard set of services that are targeted for communication between spacecraft and ground systems. Many of them may not be applicable to on-board communication between applications. However, nothing precludes their use in a JAS-based system. The PUS can be extended to add additional functionality to existing...
Analog Electronics
Profile • This instantiation of the Expansion Profile implements a 6U VPX board to include analog electronics and connectors to access incoming signals from external sensor modules. The analog electronics are connected to an RP node through the system backplane. The FPGA on the RP node filters and processes the incoming data...
Analog to Digital Converter and Multiplexer
Profile • SMAC ADC and Analog MUX The SMAC shall include an ADC to take analog measurements of board parameters (voltage, current, temperature). These values are returned to the system controller as SOH information. An analog MUX may be required so that multiple analog values can be read by the ADC. The...
Applications
Profile • Common instantiations of the CH profile include, but are not limited to: Host Vehicle Interface and Configuration Manager Mission Data Processing Non-Volatile Memory Storage Mass Memory Node The CH node can operate in several capacities, the most essential of which is the Host Vehicle Interface and Configuration Manager. However, several...
Applications
Profile • Instantiations of the Expansion Profile can improve the versatility of other node profiles by adding additional capability, connectivity, or capacity. Common instantiations of the Expansion Profile include, but are not limited to: Host vehicle interface Memory storage Rear transition module Analog electronics
Applications
Profile • Instantiations of this profile are intended to function as primary-to-secondary power converters, producing the secondary voltage rail(s) that are distributed to other nodes. The ‘Local POL Power Conversion’ section mentions one “or more secondary voltage rails” being produced by the PS node. One voltage rail (typically +5 or +12 V)...
Backplane Connectors
Specification • JAS electrical design should utilize commercial connector standards when applicable. The VPX plug-in module to backplane connector is a Tyco Electronics MultiGig RT2 connector system which was chosen for its rugged mechanical performance and high-speed electrical performance, rated to 6.4 Gb/s and demonstrated to support data rates greater than 10...
Backplane Topology
Specification • The backplane is a key element in achieving high-speed connections between the plug-in modules or nodes in the case of a JAS system. VPX compliant backplanes support a minimum signaling rate of at least 3.125 Gbps on any differential point-to-point connection. There are a small number of required signals on...
Buckling and Crippling
Specification • Evaluation of buckling strength shall consider the combined action of primary and secondary stresses and their effects on general instability, local or panel instability, crippling, and creep.
Buffer Fragmentation and Reassembly
Specification • In cases where a higher-level transmit application (or higher layer in a communications stack) must transmit a buffer of data that exceeds the JRDDP MTU size, the buffer must be fragmented into a series of JRDDP packets and then reassembled at the receive TEP before returning the buffer to the...
Buffer Segmentation and Reassembly
Specification • In cases where a higher-level transmit application, or higher layer in a communications stack, must transmit a buffer of data that exceeds the JEEP MTU size, the buffer must be segmented into a series of JEEP packets and then reassembled at the receive TEP before returning the buffer to the...
CCSDS Telecommand and Telemetry Format Packet Standard
Specification • CCSDS Space Packet The CCSDS packet format consists of a packet primary header and packet data field. The header provides routing information for the packet and metadata that describes the packet. The data field is intended to be a user-defined field that can be customized for applications. Details of how...
Channel Closing Process
Specification • The following sections present the interactions (in the form of UML Sequence Diagrams) between transmit and receive endpoints while closing a channel. Various error conditions are presented in order to show nominal, delayed, and worst case scenarios. The hexagonal icons represent the TEP states while the dashed green lines represent...
Channel Independence
Specification • Each transport channel shall operate independently from other transport channels.
Channel Operations
Specification •
Characteristics
Other • The table below describes the characteristics of JAS. Characteristic Definition Modularity Modular, scalable design capable of accommodating a wide range of applications, complexities and performance needs Configurable Topology Flexible, node-based, topologically configurable architecture that can be easily sized, configured and optimized to meet connectivity and robustness needs of a broad...
Cleanliness
Specification • Cleanliness is an important design consideration which can be mitigated by the mechanical structure and processes. Systems adjacent to an optical payload may have more strict cleanliness requirements than non-optical payload. The following sections describe the requirements which deal with Cleanliness considerations for the JAS mechanical structure.
Coating Surface Resistivity
Specification • The thickness of all chemical film treatments need to be controlled to provide low surface resistivity. Surface resistivity shall be less than 1 x 109 ohm/ square.
Coating Volume Resistivity
Specification • All paints and coatings shall have a volume resistivity less than 1 x 109 ohm-cm.
Coincidence Distribution
Other • The figure below illustrates how the JAS supports intra-payload coincidence and triggering. There are two options: Serial Packets JAS nodes can transmit packetized signals via the communications architecture if latency requirements are not too stringent. Discrete Signals Discrete coincidence and trigger signals can be added to any node through the...
Command and Host Processor Profile
Other • The Command and Host Processor (CH) profile defines a microprocessor-based solution suitable to construct nodes for mission data processing, spacecraft interfaces, and other applications requiring software execution on microprocessor platforms. Nodes based on the CH profile work alongside other nodes within the JAS architecture. The SMAC Profile and the Communication...
Command and Host Processor Profile
Profile • The Command and Host Processor (CH) profile defines a microprocessor-based solution suitable to construct nodes for mission data processing, spacecraft interfaces, and other applications requiring software execution on microprocessor platforms. The CH profile works alongside the RP Profile and PS Profile to implement nodes within the JAS architecture. The SMAC...
Communication Data Links
Specification • JAS nodes should communicate through one or more standard communications protocols. Serial communication protocols are the recommended approach but JAS does not preclude the use of parallel communication protocols. JAS also does not preclude the use of custom or legacy based communications.
Communication Profile
Profile • The Communication Profile defines standard interfaces for facilitating communication between RP, CH, and PS nodes within a JAS system. The Communication Profile focuses primarily on communication between payload applications. It leverages industry standards to support network-based communication using serial interfaces. A common set of communication protocols for space applications has...
Communication Specification
Specification • The Communication Specification provides details about network interfaces, communication services, and packet structures that were described in the Communication Profile. The figure below provides context of where the Communication Specification resides in the JAS standard. JAS Standard Hierarchy
Communications Profile
Other • The Communications Profile defines standard interfaces for facilitating communication between nodes within a JAS system. The Communications Profile focuses primarily on communication between payload applications. It leverages industry standards to support network-based communication using serial interfaces. Adherence to the Communications Profile and Communications Specification is the minimum required for a...
Companion Field Programmable Gate Array
Profile • A separate radiation-hardened companion FPGA is present on the CH node to implement timing functions, custom peripherals, and bridge to proprietary interfaces that may not be directly supported by the microprocessor. The FPGA typically attaches to the microprocessor through industry-standard bus interfaces, though the exact connection method will vary based...
Complete and Incomplete Hypercubes
Other • An overall good performer, hypercubes are very reliable and offer good performance. Complete hypercubes have fixed size of 2^d (i.e., 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, etc, nodes) but an extension to this structure (incomplete hypercubes) allows for arbitrary size. Hypercubes are constructed by beginning with two interconnected nodes (a 1-D...
Coordinate Definition
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall implement a coordinate system as a reference point for the design. The mounting of each component should be considered as the coordinate reference. The coordinate frame can originate on a pin-and-slot mounting. [Placeholder: Defining a coordinate frame helps to determine center of gravity, mass, envelopes...
Cube Connected Cycles
Other • Cube-connected cycles (CCC) are structures based on hypercubes (see Figure). Given a hypercube of dimension d, each hypercube node is replaced with a ring of size d. This causes the node degree of all nodes to be fixed at 3 regardless of network size! This structure excels when the port...
Custom Communications
Specification • Custom communications specifications by definition are not described by any single specification. The electrical parameters will be determined by the components involved in the design. For example, if the communications utilize gigabit (GTX) transceivers in an FPGA then the electrical requirements will be prescribed by the GTX specifications.
Data Transmit Queue
Specification • When packets from more than one channel are available for transmit, packets shall be transmitted in the order in which they are queued and in accordance with the transmit priority described above.
Data Types
Specification • The JAS standard does not require a specific length or encoding format for data types. Systems can define these based on what best suits their needs. Sizes, endianness, byte ordering, and bit ordering are typically driven based on the processing and memory architectures that are used. However, in order to...
Delayed Case
Specification • A delayed but recoverable scenario occurs when a receive TEP receives at least one CLOSE packet but the transmit TEP does not receive any ACK packets as shown in Figure 3. In this case the receive TEP will eventually transition to the CLOSED state via the timeout and the transmit...
Design Constraints
Specification • The following sections define some important design constraints that the program will levy on the system. The constraints will drive many of the choices in designing the mechanical system.
Design Thickness
Specification • For strength and buckling analyses, minimum material thickness shall be used. Minimum thickness is defined as the nominal thickness minus the lower tolerance and applies to metallic and nonmetallic structural elements. For modeling purposes and stiffness calculations, use nominal or expected values. For flexures the Maximum blade thickness shall be...
Design Ultimate Load
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall have sufficient strength to simultaneously withstand design ultimate loads, the corresponding temperature, pressure and accompanying environmental phenomena without failure.
Design Yield Load
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall withstand design yield loads, the corresponding temperature, pressure and associated environmental phenomena without permanent deformations, or permanent misalignments, of all components.
Device Access Service
Specification • The device access service, service type address 128, is used to request parameters from or command parameters to a specific device. The currently defined device access service parameters are shown in the following table. Service Type Service Subtype Subtype Description Cmd Tlm Service Parameters Data Types and Description 128 1...
Discrete Signaling
Profile • SMAC Discrete I/O and Data Bus Signaling The SMAC has capabilities to read and drive both discrete I/O values and data buses. The FPGA I/O dedicated for this purpose can be either configured as dedicated inputs and outputs or can be bi-directional with input or output behavior configured through the...
ECSS Packet Utilization Standard
Specification • The figures below show a PUS telecommand and telemetry packet and their utilization within the CCSDS space packet specification. The PUS specification uses the user-definable fields of the CCSDS space packet in order to create a PUS packet. The specification defines a secondary header that provides additional metadata such as...
Electrical Bonding
Specification • Each equipment design shall provide electrical continuity across mechanical interfaces in accordance with the design requirements of this specification. Electrical continuity will be achieved to the maximum practical extent by direct metal-to-metal contact across the entire interface surface. If the electrical resistance across mechanical interfaces is measured to be less...
Electrical Interconnects
Specification • JAS electrical design shall utilize commercial interconnect standards when applicable. The following sections are some examples of commercial interconnect standards that are recommended but not required.
Electrical Specification
Specification • The Electrical Specification provides details about power distribution, electrical interconnects, and communication data links that are used within a JAS-based system. The figure below provides context of where the Electrical Specification resides in the JAS standard. JAS Standard Hierarchy
Electromagnetic Compatibility
Specification • Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) are important design considerations which can be mitigated by the mechanical structure. EMI limits may be in place due to application-specific requirements, but more importantly, EMI can be detrimental to electronics because of the sensitive nature of many of the modern systems and...
Entangled Networks
Other • Entangled networks are a class of networks that attempt to maximize the algebraic connectivity of the topology. These networks can be constructed with explicit complex mathematical methods or approximated by a repetitive random optimization algorithm (which is the method chosen for this analysis) (see Figure). Sample Entangled Networks The repetitive...
Envelope
Specification • The assembled JAS mechanical structure shall attempt to fit the space available without violating any system-level keep out zones.
Environmental Exposure
Specification • Unless otherwise specified, the JAS mechanical structure shall meet these specifications during or after exposure to all environmental conditions specified in the Environmental specification. All of the intended application’s performance parameters must be considered to determine if the mechanical design can withstand the impacts of all environments.
Environmental Specification
Specification • The Environmental Specification provides details about environmental design considerations that should be considered for space applications of JAS. The figure below provides context of where the Environmental Specification resides in the JAS standard. JAS Standard Hierarchy
Environmental Test Flow
Specification • Programs using JAS should practice testing per industry standards wherever possible. The following tests and operational environments shall be applied to the components or structure in the following order. Events 1 through 5 shall be used for qualification acceptance testing. Events 1-6 shall be considered for fatigue calculations. 1) 24ea,...
Error Detection
Specification • Packet errors shall be detected by adding a CRC to each packet transmitted, checking it at the receiver, and discarding any erroneous packet.
Ethernet
Specification • Ethernet comprises a family of networking technologies with numerous media types and standards; 100Base-T (IEEE 802.3-2008:section 8) and 1000Base-T (IEEE 802.3-2008:section 40) the most popular in use today.
Expansion Profile
Other • The Expansion Profile describes a board that provides new capabilities and/or additional resources that would otherwise not be available in standard node instantiations. These modules are not intended to operate standalone and will usually not have individual processing capabilities. Rather, these boards will be populated with components that allow for...
Expansion Profile
Profile • The Expansion Profile describes a board that provides new capabilities and/or additional resources that would otherwise not be available in standard node instantiations. These modules are not intended to operate standalone and will usually not have individual processing capabilities. Rather, these boards will be populated with components that allow for...
Exposure to Space Environment
Specification • This section is a system level consideration and is included for information purposes only. The view to space shall be considered for both thermal and radiation effects. Thermal-related issue: heat-dissipation Radiation-related: TID (lifetime), SEE, shielding and impact on mass
Extended Capabilities
Profile • CH Node Extended Capabilities Customization and extension of CH node capabilities can be realized through instantiations of the Expansion Profile. In instances where custom electronics are needed (for example, spacecraft interfaces or attachments to expansion memory), mezzanines or custom backplane routing to other boards connect electronics to the CH node...
Extended Capabilities
Profile • RP Node Extended Capabilities The flexibility provided by FPGAs allows nodes built upon the RP profile to accommodate custom connectivity to other components, devices, or even other nodes. Customization and extension of RP node capabilities can be realized through instantiations of the Expansion Profile. In instances where custom electronics are...
External Interfaces
Profile • Depending on the nature of the expansion module and its integrated components, electronics modules built to the Expansion Profile will have varying needs with regard to communications interfaces. The Communication Specification is the authoritative document when the expansion module requires network connectivity. Discrete signals may be brought directly in to...
Factors of Safety
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall have strength margins of safety greater than zero when calculated from analytically derived structural loads. The factors of safety (FS), shown in the first table below, and test load factors, shown in the second table below, shall be applied to the limit loads. All laminated...
Fatigue
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure metallic elements shall be designed to withstand the effects of cyclic load condition caused by the design environment. The design environment includes all ground handling transportation, testing, launch and on orbit operational environments indicated in the Environmental Specification. MSFC-HDBK-505 Chapter 7 shall be implemented for fatigue...
File Access Service
Specification • The file access service, service type address 129 is used to read from or write to files within a file system. The currently defined file access service parameters are shown in the following table. Service Type Service Subtype Subtype Description Cmd Tlm Service Parameters Data Types and Description 129 1...
Form Factor
Specification • While no specific form factor standard is specified in JAS it is highly recommended that programs make use of a standards-based mechanical design such as VPX defined by VITA. Although VPX is preferred, other standards may be considered for use as well. The consideration of alternate standards should carefully consider...
Fully Connected
Other • Fully connected networks are constructed by wiring every node to every other node present in the network (see Figure). For obvious reasons, these networks are the ideal topology when considering overall speed, diameter, routing complexities, reliability, and ease of construction. However, they require a massive number of links; hence, cost...
Functional Description
Profile • The CH profile defines the technologies that comprise the CH node, including both required and recommended components to define this standard node type. A CH node should be universally designed to minimize the number of unique instantiations of this profile. A block diagram of a CH node is shown below....
Functional Description
Profile • The Communication Profile defines standard methods for transferring data between two JAS nodes. This includes the use of protocols and packet formats by hardware and software. Applications become portable and reusable by using layered communication architecture. The applications should be agnostic to the choice of physical interconnect technology, which allows...
Functional Description
Profile • The Expansion Profile describes a class of supplemental boards designed to augment the capabilities of other profiles. These modules are not intended to operate standalone and will usually not have individual processing capabilities. Rather, these boards will be populated with components that allow for expanded capacity, expanded communications, or both....
Functional Description
Profile • The PS profile defines the technologies that comprise the PS node, including both required and recommended components to define this standard node type. A block diagram of a node instantiated against the PS profile is shown below: PS Profile Block Diagram The primary components for PS node instantiations will include...
Functional Description
Profile • The RP profile defines the technologies that comprise the RP node, including both required and recommended components to define this standard node type. An RP node should be universally designed to minimize the number of unique instantiations of this profile. A block diagram of an RP node is shown below:...
Functional Description
Profile • The SMAC is responsible for enabling the following capabilities on JAS nodes: Network (typically SpaceWire) router for command and control Control to read and drive discrete digital I/O and data buses Configuration of node FPGA(s) SOH reporting, including node temperatures, voltages, and currents Local and neighboring node power control Connectivity...
Functional Description
Specification • The JEEP provides efficient, best-effort delivery of packets. In-order delivery is only guaranteed if there are no transmission errors over the SpaceWire link, e.g., bit errors or dropped packets, and there are no routing options which could cause a segmented packet to be transmitted or received out of order. JEEP...
Fundamental Frequency
Specification • The first mode of the JAS mechanical structure shall be greater than 500 Hz when mounted to a rigid surface.
Gasketing
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall use EMI gasketing to reduce EMI emissions as appropriate for the intended application.
Generalized Star
Other • The generalized star topology is a topology that attempts to wire the network together in such a way that each node is the center of a small star (see Figure). Given a dimension d, these networks will have d! nodes and each node will have a fixed degree of d-1....
Gigabit Interfaces
Profile • Gigabit interfaces are those that run at line speeds of one gigabit per second and above (>1 Gbps). These interfaces are often tasked with the primary purpose of pushing large amounts of mission data to other nodes for processing. Some examples of these interfaces include: Serial RapidIO SpaceFibre Gigabit Ethernet...
Gigabit Interfaces
Profile • Gigabit interfaces are those that run at line speeds of one gigabit per second and above (>1 Gbps). These interfaces are often tasked with the primary purpose of pushing large amounts of mission data to other nodes for processing. Some examples of these interfaces include: Serial RapidIO SpaceFibre Gigabit Ethernet...
Gigabit Interfaces
Profile • Gigabit interfaces are those that run at line speeds of one gigabit per second and above (>1 Gbps). These interfaces are often tasked with the primary purpose of pushing large amounts of mission data to other nodes for processing. Some examples of these interfaces include: Serial RapidIO SpaceFibre Gigabit Ethernet...
Glossary
Other • Term Definition Adaptability A system design property that refers to an architecture’s ability to be easily changed or adjusted to accommodate different system needs. Address Translation allows addresses to be translated from abstract to physical Atomic An operation during which a processor can simultaneously read a location and write it...
Gravity Release Impact
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall remain within given displacements as applied by determining gravity release impacts on the mechanical structure.
Grounding
Specification • Grounding provisions are required for the mechanical design to eliminate the potential for ESD charging on floating metal. Any component members with surface areas greater than 20 cm2 shall have a grounding provision. Bolted fittings are acceptable as grounding provisions if the joint meets the electrical resistance requirement for bonding....
Header
Specification • JRDDP Packet Format Destination Address The first byte of the header shall contain the Destination SpaceWire Logical Address (SLA) field that is associated with the destination TEP to which the packet is being sent. Protocol ID The second byte of the header shall contain the SpaceWire Protocol ID field and...
High Speed Data Switch
Profile • Processing intensive systems may require many RP nodes to reduce large amounts of sensor data to an information set that can be downloaded to ground through bandwidth-limited downlinks. In many of these situations, processing will be distributed across many RP nodes connected through gigabit interfaces. A high-speed data switch could...
Host Vehicle Interface
Profile • The primary function of this instantiation is to enable connection between the CH node and host vehicle by providing appropriate connectors and bridging differing electrical signaling standards. A mezzanine connector, active transceivers, level shifters, and connectors for cabling to the host vehicle are common examples of components that would be...
Host Vehicle Interface and Configuration Manager
Profile • The primary role of the CH node in this application is to connect payloads to the host vehicle and to serve as the system controller for payload operations. These functions are implemented through software services running on the radiation-hardened microprocessor. Host Vehicle Interface and Configuration Manager Instantiation A radiation-hardened FPGA...
Humidity
Specification • The JAS housing shall meet all performance specifications during exposure to relative humidity varying from 0% to 60%.
Humidity Impact
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall maintain the electronics/PCBs within given displacements as applied by determining humidity impacts on the mechanical structure. If composite structures are used, the humidity should remain between a saturated composite at nominal 60% RH test area and a dry composite at 0% RH humidity vacuum environment...
Hybrid Fat Trees
Other • A hybrid fat-tree is an extension to the fat-tree topology. Hybrid fat-trees perform well when minimizing average path length and network diameter. One advantage to this design is typically about half of the nodes in this design will have a fixed degree of 2. However, other nodes have large degree,...
Interconnect Technologies
Profile • This profile describes the interconnect technologies supported by JAS. Each interconnect will be comprised of three layers based on the RapidIO standard: the Logical Layer; the Transport Layer; and the Physical Layer. The figure below shows a mapping of the interconnect layers to the OSI layers. The Application Layer is...
Interface Control
Specification • The JAS mechanical structure shall be designed to a prescribed Interface Control Drawing (ICD) as required by the application. Requirements called out in the ICD should include an answer to most of the design considerations in this specification.
JAS CCSDS SOIS
Profile • The JAS communication architecture is based on the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) Spacecraft Onboard Interface Services (SOIS) reference communication architecture. SOIS describes a layered architecture that allows applications to be abstracted from the specific communication data links. The SOIS architecture describes four layers: the Application Layer, the...
JAS Command Packet
Specification • JAS Command Packet All fields are shown in bits. The variable length application data field must be an integral number of bytes for the packet error control calculation. Spare bits may be used for padding purposes at the end to ensure the packets are an even number of bytes in...
JAS Efficient Exchange Protocol
Profile • The JAS Efficient Exchange Protocol (JEEP) is a best-effort packet transmission protocol that can be used to send messages between applications over a SpaceWire data link. JEEP is similar to the JRDDP protocol in that provides a segmentation capability to promote fairness between all applications needing to communicate on the...
JAS Efficient Exchange Protocol
Specification • The JAS Efficient Exchange Protocol (JEEP) uses the lower level SpaceWire data link layer to provide data delivery services to one or more higher level application processes. This document specifies the functional requirements for JEEP but does not specify the interfaces to the lower or higher level processes, which may...
JAS Essential Elements
Other • The following essential elements are the minimum required to develop a JAS-compliant system. Communication Interface (physical, preferably serial) Protocols to communicate over the physical interface Network-connected nodes that implement the communication interface and protocols Network routing and addressing scheme(s) All of these items are tailorable based on recommendations in the...
JAS Packet Definition
Specification • The JAS Packet is built upon CCSDS and PUS packet standards. Some modifications were made to enforce a layered architecture in order to promote reuse of applications. The following sections will highlight these differences in more detail.
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